Public services are divided into three categories:

a.) Senior officers- executive and administrative

1. All India services and the Central and State Class I services where persons would have to take important decisions and have an intimate acquaintance with the government's policy-making activities, which should be restricted to graduates.
2. A maturity of outlook and the cultural standard is required, which can naturally be expected of graduates.
3. The age limit here should be between 21-23.

b) Junior officers-executive and administrative

1. Services to which recruitment is made based on Combined Competitive Exams held by UPSC for recruiting to the IAS, IFS, etc. The services described as Class I Executive services in the State governments would fall under this category.
2. The age limit here should be between 19-21 years., which would open the avenue for both graduates and non-graduates.
3. Graduates should be allowed to compete if they so desire.

c) Clerical services

1. This included clerical or ministerial services where duties are routine.
2. There are also technical and professional nature services for which special consideration would apply.
3. The qualifications and training are technical, and the specialized services require special training and qualifications like those of engineering services.
4. Professional services related to law, medicine, and teaching.
5. University education should not be insisted upon for clerical services.
6. The age limit should be between 17-19 years for clerical services.
7. There would be no disillusionment here as people who want to go for clerical services would not get a university degree.

As far as possible, individual posts should be grouped into organized services and competitive examinations held for recruitment to such services and the age levels and the educational qualifications. However, such examinations are not possible, and a higher standard of qualification should be maintained. Therefore, an interim notice period is essential for a transition to the new system, and we recommend it accordingly. This was not implemented.

General Recommendations were as follows:

Recruitment Examination

• Degree qualifications should be abolished for the lower and middle levels of public services.
• It should continue for the top levels.
• The examination should be comprehensive and should test the mental qualities rather than merely the memory of candidates.

This was not implemented

Method of promotion

• It should be open to every individual in the public services to rise to the highest post available based on merit.
• As far as possible, promotion from grade to grade should be based on departmental examinations.
• The government should review not only promoting quotas at fixed rates but also undertake a re-examination of the promotion methods and, to the extent possible, institute departmental examination, particularly in organized services.

This was not implemented

Training

• A person should be recruited to the lowest and middle levels at ages much below those prevailing at present.
• At the lowest levels, the recruits would be all nongraduates, and in the middle class, a proportion of them would have no university education.
• The government should implement a proper training scheme for all levels of government service, both at the center and in the states.
• Training should be decentralized at a lower /clerical level.
• Training should be given in districts, preferably at one center for a group of districts.
• The training period should be at least one year. It should consist of professional items such as typing, maintenance of files, noting, drafting, etc., and instruction in general subjects to give recruits a general education to render them, good clerks and valuable citizens.
• At the All India services level, it would be helpful to entrust the training to some selected universities.
• We envisage a university degree as the minimum qualification at the highest level.
• Social subjects like economics are of the highest importance for the training of the higher civil servants.
• To a lesser extent, knowledge of the law is essential for administrative services.
• Instruction in these subjects may well be arranged in cooperation with the universities.
• The courses of training should be arranged in consultation and cooperation with the universities but under the auspices of the appropriate government department.
• For the highest executive and administrative services, a period of training abroad after seeing different parts of India would be beneficial.

This recommendation was not implemented

Limitation of numbers

• All examinees should insist on a system of deposits.
• This deposit should be refundable to candidates who secure the prescribed minimum percentage of marks but should be forfeited in the case of those who do not even attend this standard.
• This will deter frivolous candidates who have no reasonable chance of successfully competing at the examination and thus help reduce the number of examinees.
• Where the number of examinees is vast, a system of weeding out by preliminary examination may be adopted.
• The preliminary examination should be restricted to one or two simple written papers which would test the general alertness and mental caliber of the candidates concerned.
• A degree should be made a pre-requisite qualification for the highest levels of government service.
• The Public Service Commissions may help considerably in devising an objective standard for assessing the value of education given by the different universities and thus help the authorities concerned introduce some uniformity in this context.
• The Public Service Commission should publish annually tabulated results of the examination held by them, analyzing the marks obtained by the candidates from the different universities in different subjects.

This recommendation was not implemented

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